X-ray is one of the commonly used device for diagnosis and imaging. It shows our inner body without surgery. 

 

A radiograph is an X-ray image obtained by placing a part of the patient's body such as hands or chest in front of an X-ray detector and then illuminating it with a short X-ray pulse. Bones contain much calcium, which due to its relatively high atomic number absorbs x-rays efficiently. This reduces the amount of X-rays reaching the detector in the shadow of the bones, making them clearly visible on the radiograph. The lungs and trapped gas also show up clearly because of lower absorption compared to tissue, while differences between tissue types are harder to see.

 

Radiographs are useful in the detection of pathology of the skeletal system as well as for detecting some disease processes in soft tissue. Some notable examples are the very common chest X-ray, which can be used to identify lung diseases such as pneumonia, lung cancer or pulmonary edema, and the abdominal x-ray, which can detect bowel (or intestinal) obstruction, free air (from visceral perforations) and free fluid (in ascites). X-rays may also be used to detect pathology such as gallstones (which are rarely radiopaque) or kidney stones which are often (but not always) visible. Traditional plain X-rays are less useful in the imaging of soft tissues such as the brain or muscle.

 

Dental radiography is commonly used in the diagnoses of common oral problems, such as cavities.

 

To generate an image of the cardiovascular system, including the arteries and veins (angiography) an initial image is taken of the anatomical region of interest. A second image is then taken of the same region after an iodinated contrast agent has been injected into the blood vessels within this area. These two images are then digitally subtracted, leaving an image of only the iodinated contrast outlining the blood vessels. The radiologist or surgeon then compares the image obtained to normal anatomical images to determine if there is any damage or blockage of the vessel.

 

Technology has enabled X-Ray to process faster leading to less danger. In the past, X-Ray needed the patient to undergo X-Ray for quite a long time. Since X-Ray uses electromagnetic radiation, it might cause skin damage such as dermatitis. This day, X-Ray only needs the patient to undergo the X-Ray for less than ten minutes to lessen the danger.